Patellar Dislocation: Why the Kneecap Slips Out of Place and How It’s Treated

March 13, 2026

Patellar Dislocation: Why the Kneecap Slips Out of Place and How It’s Treated

Verified By
KIMS-SUNSHINE
Specialist,
13 March, 2026

Patellar Dislocation_ Why the Kneecap Slips Out of Place and How It’s Treated

The knee joint is made of 3 bones and has the knee cap in a vertical groove on top. When it slips out of this trochlear groove, it is a dislocation. It is super painful and you cannot walk or move after it has happened. With the patella slipping out of place, knee ligament damage can occur. A kneecap dislocation is not the same as a knee dislocation, so you will need the right kind of care from an experienced orthopedic doctor. Walk in to KIMS Sunshine today, as we are the best orthopedic hospital in Hyderabad.

Patellar Dislocation Causes-

The patella can dislocate due to a congenital defect where the trochlear groove is not formed properly or it may occur due to an acute event like an accident or a fall. If you suddenly twist your knee, it can cause the patella to get dislodged – and this is a common sports injury in athletes or people who tend to pivot a lot like dancers.

Patellar Dislocation Symptoms-

Some symptoms to know of include-

A pop sound followed by your knee giving in or buckling.
You will have intense knee pain
You may notice prominent bruising at the knee
Your knees may lock up and you cannot move or walk around afterwards
The kneecap looks out of place, literally.
An effusion of fluid may fill up at the joint.

It is also important to know that people may dislocate their knee at a later point, if they have had a patellar dislocation before.

Diagnosis of Patellar Dislocation-

A dislocated knee cap is easy to diagnose- as symptoms and imaging can point to it. Imaging is done to check for any injuries to the ligaments, tendons or cartilage present at the knee, and to confirm the kneecap dislocation. Knee x-rays, CT scans or MRI scans can help with this.

If your knee cap popped back into place, then you may still feel really sore. This is called a transient patellar dislocation. This can be found while imaging asm secondary injuries may be present.

Treatment for Patellar Dislocation-

Treatment for a kneecap dislocation involves treating symptoms and preventing recurrent patellar dislocations from occurring in the future. So, taking rest, using an ice pack to help with the pain and inflammation and using painkillers is immediately suggested.

You will need to use crutches or a knee brace for patella- to keep it stably within the trochlear groove. You will also be asked to rest and not put any weight on the knee as the area heals.
Physical therapy is very useful – as it can strengthen the muscles in the calf and surrounding areas. The exercises or stretches are designed in such a way that your range of motion remains limited, so that the joint gets time to heal.
Surgery– Patellar stabilisation surgery may be recommended in certain cases- where an MPFL reconstruction or tibial tubercle osteotomy may be done, especially when there is recurrent patellar dislocation.
Knee physiotherapy can aid in recovery and is very crucial if you opt for surgery.

Conclusion

Patellar dislocation is a common orthopedic injury that can affect anyone who has a fall, twists their knee or has a congenital defeat with how the knee cap sits at the knee joint. It can be normally treated using non-surgical methods like physiotherapy, the use of painkillers and ice packs or by taking rest for a while. If you notice severe pain and swelling or feel like the knee is very unstable, talk to an orthopedic doctor at KIMS Sunshine, as we are the best multispecialty hospital in Hyderabad. Call us today!

Frequently Asked Questions

What is patellar dislocation?

Patellar Dislocation occurs when the kneecap moves out of its normal position, usually shifting to the outer side of the knee. It can result from sudden twisting movements, direct impact, or structural abnormalities. This displacement disrupts normal joint function and may damage surrounding ligaments, cartilage, or soft tissues.

What are the symptoms of a dislocated patella?

Symptoms include sudden, intense knee pain and a visible shift of the kneecap out of place. Swelling develops quickly, and weight-bearing becomes difficult. Individuals may feel instability or the knee giving way. After relocation, pain and stiffness can persist, along with limited range of motion and tenderness around the front of the knee.

Can patellar dislocation happen repeatedly?

Yes, patellar dislocation can recur, especially in individuals with ligament laxity, shallow knee grooves, or previous injury. Repeated episodes may weaken stabilizing structures and increase the risk of cartilage damage. Without proper rehabilitation or corrective treatment, instability can continue, affecting daily activities and increasing the likelihood of further knee complications.

What exercises help prevent patellar dislocation?

Strengthening exercises focus on the quadriceps, hip abductors, and core muscles to improve knee alignment and stability. Activities such as straight leg raises, squats with proper form, and resistance band exercises can support patellar tracking. Flexibility training for surrounding muscles also helps maintain balanced movement and reduces stress on the knee joint.

When should someone see a doctor for a patellar dislocation?

Medical evaluation is necessary after any suspected dislocation to assess joint damage and ensure proper alignment. Immediate care is required if severe pain, swelling, or inability to move the knee occurs. Follow-up is important for repeated episodes, persistent instability, or difficulty bearing weight, as untreated issues can lead to long-term joint problems.